Friday, 25 September 2009

Week 1: Logos

The UPS logo is one of the most recognized logos in the world. The company along with Fedex has revolutionalized the way in which packages are delivered around the world. UPS has changed its login 4 times in the 96 years of the company's existence.

  • The first logo was created in 1919 and showed an eagle carrying a package in its talons.
  • Eighteen years later, in 1937, the logo was once again changed to incorporate a shield with the letters `UPS' within.
  • The logo incorporating the beribboned parcel was designed in 1961 by well-known brand designer Paul Rand who was also responsible for designing the logos of IBM, Westinghouse and Yale University among others.

The new logo was designed by international brand consultancy Future Brand, which has worked with clients such as Walt Disney, GlaxoSmithKline, MSN and British Airways. The logo retains the famous `UPS brown' but replaces the package with a golden arc on top of the shield. The intention is to convey an impression of "freshness and excitement" that reflects the company's new vision of `synchronised commerce'. The new logo draws from the company's history, leverages its brand equity and uses its traditional colours to suggest a company that is thinking ahead and is leading the way in package delivery and other businesses. "The arc at the top and the use of light suggest energy and forward-thinking qualities on a global scale. The redeveloped logo is, in fact, just the cornerstone of the company's reinvigorated visual system.


UPS' association with the colour brown goes back to the early years of the company's existence. When the company expanded its delivery fleet, its founders were faced with the task of deciding on what colour to paint their vehicles. Following some discussion, they zeroed in on brown or yellow as the colours most appropriate for their fleet. However, one of the founders pointed out that brown was a better bet. In fact, railway carriages of the time were painted brown simply because it was easier to keep them clean, he explained. And so brown it was! In fact, the company has the colour brown trademarked and it appears on shade cards in the US as `UPS brown'!

McDonald's Corporation is the world's largest chain of fast-food restaurants . Although McDonald's did not invent the hamburger or fast food, its name has become nearly synonymous with both.

The McDonald's Golden Arches logo was introduced in 1962. It was created by Jim Schindler to resemble new arch shaped signs on the sides of the restaurants. He merged the two golden arches together to form the famous 'M' now recognized throughout the world. Schindler's work was a development of the stylized 'v' logo sketched by Fred Turner, which was conceived as a more stylish corporate symbol than the Speedee chef character that had previously been used. The McDonald's name was added to the logo in 1968.

This mark is a representation of the Earth. We call it a "globe mark" because it expresses the infinite expansion of Konica Minolta and the offering of innovative value to customers throughout the world.The elliptical form expresses the offering of reliability and security to customers and the harmony of our wide-ranging technological expertise. The five lines represent light beams and express our wide-ranging technological expertise in the field of imaging.The blue color of the symbol mark expresses creative innovation. We call it "innovation blue."

"The [Bass & Yager] design firm had created the famous bell symbol for the nationwide phone monopoly in the late 1960s. This icon--which achieved a remarkable 93 percent recognition rate in the United States [emphasis added] --aspired to the simplicity and directness of a sans serif letterform. In 1984, the familiar bell symbol was transferred to the divested "Baby Bells," and Bass & Yager designed a striated sphere for AT&T, aiming to signify the corporation's international stature and the ascendance of digital communications." - AT&T

"The design development of the AT&T globe symbol began in late 1982, with the agreement between AT&T, the U.S. Department of Justice, and Federal District Court Judge Harold M. Greene that AT&T would divest itself of the 22 Bell Operating telephone companies as of January 1, 1984. Initially, the globe symbol was shown in conjunction with the logotype "American Bell" to identify an AT&T subsidiary providing terminal equipment and enhanced service on a unregulated basis. Later, Judge Greene ruled that the 'Bell' identification must be assigned exclusively to operating companies. Thus, the symbol was joined with the new name and logotype 'AT&T' to form the identification signature for the restructured AT&T.

The globe symbol was designed by Saul Bass of Bass/Yager & Associates. Literally dozens of symbol concepts were explored. The concepts were presented to the highest levels of AT&T management along with the design firm's recommendations as to which concepts should be considered the most promising candidate designs. It was from this group that the globe symbol was chosen to become the keynote graphic identification for AT&T.

The globe symbol symbolizes a world circled by electronic communications. More specifically, the symbol is made up of very carefully delineated 'highlight' and 'shadow' elements. As a result, the symbol may be reproduced to give the impression of a three-dimensional sphere that is lighted from a distance source."



Saul Bass created the above 3 logos. They have been the only logos of the company. Stood the test of time.
Simple/Straight forward/ Timeless

Instantly recognisable.
PEACE

The Nike "Swoosh" is a design created in 1971 by Carolyn Davidson, a graphic design student at Portland State University. She met Phil Knight while he was teaching accounting classes and she started doing some freelance work for his company, Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS).BRS needed a new brand for a new line of athletic footwear it was preparing to introduce in 1972. Knight approached Davidson for design ideas, and she agreed to provide them, charging a rate of $2 per hour.

In June 1971, Davidson presented a number of design options to Knight and other BRS executives, and they ultimately selected the mark now known globally as the Swoosh. Davidson submitted a bill for $35 for her work. (In 1983, Knight gave Davidson a gold Swoosh ring and an envelope filled with Nike stock to express his gratitude.)The logo represents the wing of the Greek Goddess.The Nike logo is a classic case of a company gradually simplifying its corporate identity as its frame increases. The company's first logo appeared in 1971, when the word "Nike," the Greek goddess of victory, was printed in orange over the outline of a checkmark, the sign of a positive mark. Used as a motif on sports shoes since the 1970s, this checkmark is now so recognizable that the company name itself has became superfluous.

The solid corporate logo design check was registered as a trademark in 1995. The Nike logo design is an abstract wing, designed by Carolyn Davidson, was an appropriate and meaningful symbol for a company that marketed running shoes. The "JUST DO IT" slogan and logo design campaign communicated such a strong point of view to their target market that the meaning for the logo design symbol evolved into a battle cry and the way of life for an entire generation. Isn't it amazing how a small symbol we call a logo design can make a company into a huge success.

FedEx is an abbreviation of the company’s original name, Federal Express, which was chosen to symbolize a national marketplace and help in obtaining government contracts. The original Federal Express logo was designed by Richard Runyan in 1973. It consists of the name ‘Federal Express’ in a diagonal position with blue and white background. Following the expansion of the FedEx’s courier business into a company offering overnight courier, ground, heavy freight, document copying and logistics services, FedEx logo experienced an innovative change. In 1994, Lindon Leader of Landor Associates created the new FedEx logo which has become a highly recognized corporate symbol of FedEx Corporation. Behind the FedEx logo’s simplicity, lays an arrow located in the negative space between the ‘E’ and ‘X’ pointing rightwards. While the arrow in the FedEx logo becomes quite obvious when pointed out, it sure is neglected by many. This arrow in the FedEx logo has been used as a form of subliminal advertising of the brand, symbolizing forward movement and thinking.

Since first appearing in the early 1900s, the Shell logo has moved from a realistic rendering of a pecten, or scallop shell, to today’s bold shape with distinctive colours.

Both the word “Shell” and the Pecten symbol may have been suggested to Marcus Samuel and Company (original founders) by another interested party. A certain Mr Graham (of apparent Scottish origins) imported Samuel’s kerosene into India and sold it as ‘Graham’s Oil’. He became a director of The “Shell” Transport and Trading Company, and there is some evidence that the Shell emblem was taken from his family coat of arms.The logo has become so recognizable that it often appears without the company’s name to identify it.

The original corporate Apple logo from 1976 to 1999.

It has also been suggested (notably by Sadie Plant in her book Zeroes and Ones) that the idea for the Apple logo may have come from the story of the death of Alan Turing who was found dead after he had taken a bite of an apple laced with cyanide. Another theory is that the missing bite is a reference to the Fall of Man, representing the acquisition of knowledge.

One final thought is that the idea came from the fact that computers store information using bits (binary digits), 8 bits is called a byte, hence the 'byte' out of the apple.

Coca-Cola is the world’s most popular soft drink. Sold in more than 200 countries, it is produced by The Coca-Cola Company and is often simply referred as Coke. Originally intended as a ‘patent medicine’ when it was invented in the late 19th century by pharmacist John S. Pemberton as a ‘coca wine’, Coca-Cola has dominated the worldwide soft drink market for decades now. The Coca-Cola logo, like the product itself, is rated among the most recognized logos and brands in the world.

first Coca-Cola logoThe first Coca-Cola logo was created by John Pemberton's partner and bookkeeper, Frank Mason Robinson, in 1885. Thinking that the two Cs would look well in advertising, it was Robinson who came up with the name and chose the logo’s distinctive cursive script.

Coca-cola BottleThe typeface used, known as Spencerian script, was developed in the mid 19th century and was the dominant form of formal handwriting in the United States during that period. The red and white colored scheme in the Coca-Cola logo was kept simple and distinctive to lure young minds. Even the Coca-Cola bottle symbolized the ‘youthful exuberance of America’. Since then, various designs of the Coca-Cola bottle had been released over the decades. But the ever popular version is the famous 1915’s curved-vessel bottle called the “contour bottle”, better known to many as the “hobble skirt” bottle. Though mistakenly designed as cacao pod, the bottle like Coca-Cola logo has been highly popular and is often regarded as the best design ever.

The Coca-Cola logo was first advertised in the Atlanta Journal in 1915 and also appeared on the display of Pemberton’s pharmacy. A Coca-Cola dispenser with a Cola-Cola logo was later created by Raymond Loewy. The Coca-Cola logo got registered as a trademark in 1887 and has since then become the brand’s corporate identity.

Recognisable symbol. Appears subtly in all 100's wear and a more focal point in some. Strong line work
Simple. Bold. Recognisable with the brand. Used across different mediums.

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